Clown - Wikipedia. Clown. Medium. Physical comedy, acting, mime. Types. Circus, contemporary circus, comedy, theatre, television, film. Ancestor arts. Jester. Descendant arts. Harlequinade, comedian. Clowns are comic performers who employ slapstick or similar types of physical comedy, often in a mime style. History. Video of a clown at a circus from 1. Clowns have a varied tradition with significant variations in costume and performance. The most recognisable modern clown character is the Auguste or . Their entertainment style is generally designed to entertain large audiences, especially at a distance. Modern clowns are strongly associated with the tradition of the circus clown, which developed out of earlier comedic roles in theatre or Variet. The first mainstream clown role was portrayed by Joseph Grimaldi (who also created the traditional whiteface make- up design). In the early 1. 80. Clown in the harlequinade that formed part of British pantomimes, notably at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane and the Sadler's Wells and Covent Garden theatres. He became so dominant on the London comic stage that harlequinade Clowns became known as . This style of comedy has a long history in many countries and cultures across the world. Some writers have argued that due to the widespread use of such comedy and its long history it is a need that is part of the human condition. The . Rustic buffoon characters in Classical Greek theater were known as skl. Four more 'creepy clowns' reported in Palm Bay Palm Bay police asks that those who see 'creepy clowns' contact them at 321-952-3539. Check out this story on floridatoday.com: http://on.flatoday.com/2eaanN2. It's really trendy to hate clowns right now, but rather than stop these comedic performers, the anti-clown backlash is pushing them to redefine what it means to be a clown. L.A-based theatrical production company Four Clowns. Welcome Four Clowns is a Los Angeles based nationally touring clown troupe. We are dedicated to entertaining audiences and experimenting with the relationship between actors and audience all whilst shining a light on humanity. 4 Clowns is a physical, musical and emotional journey into what it means to be human. Follow four clowns – sad, mischievous, angry and nervous – as they lament and reminisce about their past. As the old adage goes. Four Clowns is a physical, musical and emotional journey into what it means to be human. Follow four clowns - sad, mischievous, angry and nervous - as they lament and reminisce about their past. The latest Tweets from Four Clowns (@4Clowns). Award-winning LA based internationally touring clown troupe. Lunatics & Actors, April 29-May 28, 2016. 4 Clowns is a 1970 documentary compilation film written and directed by Robert Youngson that studies the golden age of comedy through a. Uncover detailed information about Four Clowns (1970). Explore interactive visualizations about the cast, ratings, recommendations, photos, plot, and more. In Roman theater, a term for clown was fossor, literally . The origin of the word is uncertain, perhaps from a Scandinavian word cognate with clumsy. The sense of clown as referring to a professional or habitual fool or jester develops soon after 1. Elizabethan . Originally a foil for Harlequin's slyness and adroit nature, Clown was a buffoon or bumpkin fool who resembled less a jester than a comical idiot. He was a lower class character dressed in tattered servants' garb. The now- classical features of the clown character were developed in the early 1. Joseph Grimaldi, who played Clown in Charles Dibdin's 1. Peter Wilkins: or Harlequin in the Flying World at Sadler's Wells Theatre, where Grimaldi built the character up into the central figure of the harlequinade. The modern circus derives from Philip Astley's London riding school, opened in 1. Astley added a clown to his shows to amuse the spectators between equestrian sequences. American comedian George L. Fox became known for his clown role, directly inspired by Grimaldi, in the 1. Tom Belling senior (1. Belling worked for Circus Renz in Vienna. Belling's costume became the template for the modern stock character of circus or children's clown, based on a lower class or . The clown character as developed by the late 1. Ruggero Leoncavallo's 1. Pagliacci (. Belling's Auguste character was further popularized by Nicolai Poliakoff's Coco in the 1. The English word clown was borrowed, along with the circus clown act, into many other languages, such as French clown, Russian (and other Slavic languages) . The Bozo Show premiered in 1. The Mc. Donald's fast- food restaurant chain derived its mascot clown Ronald Mc. Donald from the Bozo character in the 1. Willard Scott, who had played Bozo during 1. Four Clowns returns to the Hollywood Fringe Festival this year to present . The Mc. Donald's trademark application for the character dates to 1. Based on the Bozo template, the US custom of . Clowns of America International (established 1. World Clown Association (established 1. The shift of the Auguste or . Originally, Harlequin's role was that of a light- hearted, nimble and astute servant, paired with the sterner and melancholic Pierrot. In the 1. 8th- century English Harlequinade, Harlequin was now paired with Clown. As developed by Joseph Grimaldi around 1. Clown became the mischievous and brutish foil for the more sophisticated Harlequin, who became more of a romantic character. The most influential such pair in Victorian England were the Payne Brothers, active during the 1. White clown and Auguste The white clown, or clown blanc from the original French, is a sophisticated character, as opposed to the clumsy auguste. Features are exaggerated in size, and are typically red and black in color. The mouth is thickly outlined with white (called the muzzle) as are the eyes. Appropriate to the character, the Auguste can be dressed in either well- fitted garb or in a costume that does not fit . Bold colors, large prints or patterns, and suspenders often characterize Auguste costumes. The auguste character- type is often an anarchist, a joker, or a fool. He is clever and has much lower status than the whiteface. Classically the whiteface character instructs the auguste character to perform his bidding. The auguste has a hard time performing a given task, which leads to funny situations. Sometimes the auguste plays the role of an anarchist and purposefully has trouble following the whiteface's directions. Sometimes the auguste is confused or is foolish and makes errors less deliberately. The contra- auguste plays the role of the mediator between the white clown and the auguste character. He has a lower status than the white clown but a higher status than the auguste. He aspires to be more like the white clown and often mimics everything the white clown does to try to gain approval. If there is a contra- auguste character, he often is instructed by the whiteface to correct the auguste when he is doing something wrong. Whiteface makeup There are two major types of clowns with . His makeup is white, usually with facial features such as eyebrows emphasized in black. He is the more intelligent and sophisticated clown, contrasting with the rude or grotesque Auguste types. Francesco Caroli and Glenn . The second type of whiteface is the buffoonish clown of the Bozo type, known as . This type has grotesquely emphasized features, especially a red nose and red mouth, often with partial (mostly red) hair. In the comedic partnership of Abbott and Costello, Bud Abbot would have been the classic whiteface and Lou Costello the comedy whiteface or Auguste. He began by painting a white base over his face, neck and chest before adding red triangles on the cheeks, thick eyebrows and large red lips set in a mischievous grin. Grimaldi's design is used by many modern clowns. According to Grimaldi's biographer Andrew Mc. Connell Stott, it was one of the most important theatrical designs of the 1. Following English Joseph Grimaldi, Fox popularised the Humpty Dumpty stories throughout the land in the first half of the 1. America. Prime examples of this type of clown are the circus tramps Otto Griebling and Emmett Kelly. Red Skelton, Harold Lloyd, Buster Keaton, Charlie Chaplin and Sacha Baron Cohen would all fit the definition of a character clown. The character clown makeup is a comic slant on the standard human face. Their makeup starts with a flesh tone base and may make use of anything from glasses, mustaches and beards to freckles, warts, big ears or strange haircuts. North American. The most prevalent character clown in the American circus is the hobo, tramp or bum clown. There are subtle differences in the American character clown types. The primary differences among these clown types is attitude. According to American circus expert Hovey Burgess, they are (in order of class): The Hobo: Migratory and finds work where he travels. Down on his luck but maintains a positive attitude. The Tramp: Migratory and does not work where he travels. Down on his luck and depressed about his situation. The Bum: Non- migratory and non- working. Notable clowns. Bad clowns. Researcher Ben Radford, looking at the phenomenon of bad clowns throughout history, writes that clowns are seen as trickers, fools, and more; however, they always are in control, speak their minds, and can get away with doing so. When writing the book Bad Clowns, Radford found that professional clowns are not generally fond of the bad- clown persona. Yet, as Radford discovered, bad clowns have existed throughout history: Harlequin, the King's fool, and Mr. Radford argues that bad clowns have the . They may not wear clown costume but, nevertheless, engage with people for their own amusement, abuse, tease and speak what they think of as the . Radford states that, although bad clowns permeate the media in movies, TV, music, comics, and more, the . Research shows that most people do not fear clowns but actually love them and that bad clowns are . It was set up in 1. Apart from being a membership organisation Clowns International has set up a museum of clown memorabilia and a register of clown make- up. The latter has full eggshells, decorated as replicas of the specific clown's head. It holds an annual convention, mainly in the United States. Clowns of America International. Clowns of America International, Inc. It is not uncommon for an acrobat, a horse- back rider or a lion tamer to secretly stand in for the clown, the . In a circus context, clown shows are typically made up of some combination of Entr. Gags are, loosely, the jokes clowns play on each other. A gag may have a beginning, a middle, and an end . Gags can also refer to the prop stunts/tricks or the stunts that clowns use, such as a squirting flower. Bit . Typically made up of various gags and bits, usually within a clowning framework. Side dishes are essentially shorter versions of the . Typically made up of various . Side dishes almost always end with a . These are typically made up of a few gags or several bits. Clown stops will always have a beginning, a middle, and an end to them, invariably culminating in a blow- off. These are also called . Originally they were bits of . If for instance there had been a tightrope walker the reprise would involve two chairs with a piece of rope between and the clown trying to imitate the artiste by trying to walk between them, with the resulting falls and cascades bringing laughter from the audience. Today, interludes are far more complex, and in many modern shows the clowning is a thread that links the whole show together.
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